Reference book list for ece in GATE

Here I am going to tell you the reference books which contain the concepts of Electronics & Communication Engineering for the preparation of GATE...

• Engineering Mathematics:

          1) Higher Engineering Mathematics by B.S.Grewal

               a) Solutions to differential equations

               b) Complex analysis

               c) Vector calculus

          2) Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Erwyn Kreyszig

            a) Differential equations: Euler-Cauchy, existence and uniqueness of solutions:        Wronsian and  homogeneous linear ODEs

               b) Vector calculus: Change of variables in surface integrals

          3) Calculus (Differential and Integral) by Shanti Narayan

          4) Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes by Papoulis, Pillai

• Digital Electronics:

              Morris Mano - Digital Logic Computer Design

• Network Analysis :

              Hayt and Kemmerly - Engineering Circuit Analysis

• Signals and Systems:

             1) Oppenheim, Willsky - Signals and Systems

             2) Oppenheim, Schafer - Discrete-Time Signal Processing (DFT and FFT)

• Control Theory:

             1) Katsushiko Ogata - Modern Control Engineering

             2) Norman Nise - Control Systems Engineering (Stability Analysis)

             3) Schaum's Outline of Feedback and Control Systems (Polar and Nyquist plots)

• Electro Magnetic Theory, Transmission Lines, Waveguides and Antennas:

             1) Sadiku - Elements of Electromagnetics

             2) Jordan and Balanis - Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems

             3) Harish and Sachidananda - Antennas and Wave Propagation

• Communication Engineering:

            1) Simon Haykin - Communication Systems

            2) B.P. Lathi - Modern Analog and Digital Communication

• Analog Circuits:

           1) Robert Boylestad - Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory

           2) Sedra and Smith - Microelectronic Circuits

• Electronic Devices:

           1) Streetman, Banerjee - "Solid State Electronic Devices"

I hope this list of books will help you in the preparation of GATE. Best of luck guys!!!!!

How to improve battery life of laptops & smartphones

     Today's generation is Smart generation and they are using smart phones and laptops in their everyday life. But battery life is the biggest problem in both laptops and smartphones. Nowadays there are many software are available on the Google play store to save the battery life, but this doesn't work properly. Most of you have might felt this problem. You have also read many articles about how to conserve your laptop or smart phones battery power, but not much about how to take care of your batteries. So what to do?? Here is the answer you want....

      Most laptop batteries these days are lithium-ion batteries. lithium-ion batteries do not have a charge memory,which means that you do not have to completely discharge them before recharging.So in order to get better performance ,fully discharging and charging the battery is completely useless. Many of the people leave their laptop plugged in during their use, like a desktop replacement. Will this cause degradation in battery life? Having your laptop plugged in with a fully charged battery in it is not harmful, because as soon as the charge level reaches 100% , the charging of the battery stops and the power will be bypassed directly to the to the power supply system of the laptop.How ever there is a severe disadvantage for this.Heating of the battery ! 

      Heating has a major negative effect on the battery life.When you use your laptop top plugged in, the battery will be subjected to heavy heating and will spoil the battery. Some tips for getting better battery life Avoid charging your laptop while using it. Remove the battery while you are working on AC current. Allow partial discharge (20 to 30 %)of the battery and avoid frequent full discharges .After 30 or 40 charges,allow the batteries to almost completely discharge (up to 10%). Avoid putting your laptop on thermally insulating materials. Ensure proper ventilation while working on the laptop.You can use cool pads which will reduce the heating effect. Avoid complete discharging. Never allow your battery to go below 5 % of charge..

     Same thing you can do it for your valuable smartphone like Samsung galaxy, Sony, lg nexus , micromax canvas and lots of more available in the market right now... I hope you will get some valuable information from this post....